The Self-Made Tapestry

The most comprehensive, and most comprehendable analysis of patterns in nature and the nature of patterns.

-- KK  

The Self-Made Tapestry
Pattern Formation in Nature
Philip Ball
1998, 324 pages
$76

Available from Amazon

Sample Excerpts:

The Paris Metro is a branched network with a fractal form.

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When shaken vertically, a shallow layer of grains can develop complex wave patterns, including stripes, square and hexagonal patterns.

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The adult zebra Equus grevyi (b) has more and narrower stripes than the adult Equs burchelli (a). This is thought to be because the striped ‘pre-pattern’ is laid down on the embryo of the latter at an earlier stage: after twenty-one days for Equus burchelli (c), but after five weeks for Equus grevyi (e). The smaller embryo supports fewer stripes, and so by the time it is of comparable size (d), its stripes are wider.




Speed Square

This is the best tool for drawing lines, guiding saws, and basically all carpentry that requires a 90 degree angle. One edge is set perpendicular to the rest of it so you can quickly push it up against a straight side and have a 45 degree angle and a 90 degree angle to mark or saw with, etc. Hard to explain, but once you have one, you won’t know how you lived without it.

– Peter Lawrence

A good metal square is an essential tool for home building, especially framing. It helps you figure out rafter cuts quickly and easily, and it also has a ruler for quick measurements.

There are a number of different models of square out there, but Swanson’s Speed® Square is the best. Why? Well, sturdy aluminum alloy construction makes it nigh indestructible, and the recessed tick marks and numbers are colored in black so there’s good contrast for legibility.

The metal construction also makes it super-handy for making square cuts on lumber. Just snug it up and use it as a guide for your circular saw. Plus, all this utility fits in the pocket of work pants without any trouble.

-- Keith Pelczarski  

Swanson Speed Square
SO101 7 inches
$10

Available from Amazon



Art Forms in Nature

Long a favorite of designers, this 1904 album of diverse little-known creatures and plants drawn by German biologist Ernst Haeckel has usually been reproduced in black and white. This edition is of note because while still inexpensive it retains the color plates of the original portfolio (although many of the 100 plates remain monochrome). Art Forms in Nature is a library of possibilities. Artists, engineers, and natural scientists use this album for inspiration, since each of these bizarre forms is a living highly-evolved organism. It’s hard to believe all these species are earth found; why look to other planets for weird life forms?

-- KK  

[Since Haeckel's work is in the public domain, there are a few sites where his worked has been scanned and posted online. Here's a German site with some nice hi-res scans of some of the more specatular pages. Unless you want to make them huge, the book is still a cheaper way to "print" them out. -- KK]

Art Forms in Nature
Ernst Haeckel
1998, 139 pages
$16

Available from Amazon

Sample Excerpts:

Tafel 17. — Porpema
Siphonophorae. Staatsquallen.

Tafel 63. — Dictyophora
Basimycetes. Schwammpilze.

Tafel 85. — Cynthia
Ascidiae. Seescheiden.




Arthur Ganson Presents a Few Machines

Cool and useless. That’s my definition of art. A midnight engineer and MIT professor creates totally useless machines. They are exquisitely beautiful. They do absolutely nothing. At best they whir and click and shake. A genuine artist, he also has filmed his machines obliquely, only partially seen, behind a veil of mystery. You want to know how they work, what they do, how come? No answers. Only peeks at cool and useless machines in marvelous varieties and cleverness, turning, turning, turning. Utterly riveting, supremely inspiring, and very geeky. Show this at a party, and everyone stops transfixed.

-- KK  

Arthur Ganson Presents a Few Machines: Created between 1978 and 2004
70 min.
$20
Available from Arthur Ganson

Sample Excerpts:



Fresh Fruits

Wouldn’t the world be a better place if everyone wore more colorful clothes? You can get a glimpse of that heaven in this never-boring album of Japanese street costumes. Like its predecessor volume Fruits, this sequel, Fresh Fruits, preaches freedom of color and is meant to be browsed while standing in your closet tossing out the black.

-- KK  

Fresh Fruits
Shoichi Aoki
2005, 272 pages
$20

Available from Amazon

Sample Excerpts:



Masters of Deception

In one tome, a glorious collection of visual trickery, the best I’ve seen. Optical illusions of the most ingenious types — using mirrors, type fonts, murals, globes, junk, and of course paint. It is a grand demonstration of nerd art.

-- KK  

Masters of Deception
Escher, Dali & the Artists of Optical Illusion
Al Seckel
2004, 320 pages
$25

Available from Amazon

Sample Excerpts:

“Lunch with a Helmut On,” welded forks, spoons, 1987, 73 x 31 x 42 inches

This shadow sculpture of a motorcycle is built entirely out of 848 welded forks, knives, and spoons. It is based on an earlier concept that Fukada exhibited in his 1965 show, “Toys and Things Japanese.” Fukuda wanted to create a three-dimensional object in which the shadow, as opposed to the actual form, represented the object. Fukuda was to remark that it is extremely difficult to create a three-dimensional object in this fashion that allows light to penetrate evenly. A movie of this sculpture is on Seckel’s website.

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Hamaekers holds an impossible cube, which is based on the figure in M.C. Escher’s print “Belvedere,” in 1985. A movie of this sculpture rotating is on Seckel’s website .

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“Spools of Thread, ” Colored spools of thread, 2001, 32 X 26 inches

This is Ken Knowlton’s portrait of, tribute to, and gift to Aaron Feuerstein, the president and owner of Malden (fabric) Mills in Lawrence, Massachusetts. In 1995 a devastating fire destroyed three main buildings of the mill complex. However, instead of collecting the insurance money and closing up shop, Feuerstein kept workers on salary during the recovery. His response to the situation has been widely acclaimed as a stellar example of decency in business.

Knowlton’s portrait consists of 945 inch-long multicolored spools of thread alternately oriented vertically and horizontally. They give the impression, from intermediate distances, of woven fabric. This artwork, therefore, has three levels of interpretation: a portrait, a woven fabric, and spools of thread.




Oblique Strategies Widget

I’ve raved before about Brian Eno’s wonderful creative boost called Oblique Strategies. It’s a set of cards you use to get unstuck when you confront a design standstill. You follow the advice on a card picked at random. Surprisingly the action (or inaction) it suggests is usually just the right thing to do to get you going again. The cards are slick, well-crafted but expensive. This Mac OS Tiger dashboard Widget implementation of Oblique Strategies is the most handy yet I’ve seen. It sits right there only a click away. What to do? Let’s see, it says “Abandon normal instructions.”

-- KK  

Oblique Strategies
Free via
CNET

And for the rest of you, here is a site linking to Palm and Windows versions;
AcquireStrategies



Pepakura

A great compliment to “Sketchup” is a handy little product from Japan, “Pepakura”. This tool creates a printable, origami-like pattern from which 3D models may be translated into paper “reality”.

Here at the University of Texas, I write 3D games that deliver educational content for middle-school children. I use Sketchup as the starting point in my workflow for all the 3D buildings and many of the other objects that the kids move through, as they navigate within their virtual world. For $38, this gadget allows me to push my models through a color printer — I fold the output and paste a few ends together with a gluestick, and I have something to hand to the kids as an incentive when they finish the program. They think it’s neat to hold something in their hands that they had just been interacting with in the virtual world.

Nearly anything that you can model can be printed and brought into this world, in all of it’s 3D glory.

-- Charlie  

Pepakura Designer
PC Windows
$38

Available from Tamasoft



SketchUp

This software is the opposite of CAD— Computer Aided Design— which is detail-driven. SketchUp gives you total flexibility messing with the FINAL look of something. You work directly with the vision you have, learn what’s wrong or right with it, and keep trying variations or starting down new tracks.

You can flick details in and out. How about a corrugated steel roof on the house? No, try standing-seam metal, um, in red. Not bad. Could the pitch of the roof be steeper? That’s better. Where should the chimney go? Here on the peak? No, put it over the wall corner for a corner fireplace. Going inside, how would a kiva fireplace look in that corner? It would be better if it was bigger, like that. Plop a couch in there for scale. Better move the doorway over a bit. Yeah that’s good enough for now.

I came to this program because I was designing a house I want to build, and I could NOT draw a convincing hip roof. Suddenly with SketchUp I was drawing the whole house, and a basement, trees, and an adjoining building and visualizing the whole site with textured surfaces, in wireframe, in X-ray, with sun shadows, at night with lights on, in walk-through mode. I tried a clerestory my wife fancies and found that it probably wouldn’t work with this design. I tried a house based on an existing barn’s dimensions and found that wouldn’t work either.

Check out the longer feature-tour video. That’s what sold me. This is one powerful program, shockingly intuitive to use. It works for a lot more than buildings— landscapes, worlds. Video game designers use it. Architects use it but don’t let their clients touch it for fear of being replaced. There’s a whole online community of people creating new downloadable components and textures for it— humans, pets, kitchen sinks, cappuccino machines, beds, wallpapers, stones, masonries, cars, trees, fences, doors…

The full version, SketchUp Pro 5*, costs $495. It’s a bargain. Works on Macs and PCs.

–Stewart Brand

SketchUp is unbelievably good. It’s everything software *should* be, but isn’t: intuitive, productive, stable, and fun. Using a remarkable technology they call “inferencing,” SketchUp has an uncanny ability to figure out which direction you wish to draw; using “locking,” you can fix that direction and then reference it to other points in the model.

My productivity is skyrocketing. My ability to freely experiment with designs without punishing amounts of rework, and the sheer thrill of seeing what I’m imagining quickly and precisely come to fruition, has me raving to all and sundry about this great product. There’s an eight-hour demo available. The product is pricey, but if you do any sort of commercial work, I swear it is going to pay for itself within days. It is simply that good.

– David Priest

SketchUp Pro7(*Now v.7)
$495

Google SketchUp
Free

 



40 Principles

This overpriced book contains a set of 40 design strategies for inventing. It is a summation of engineering design principles devised by a Soviet patent examiner in the 1960s who extracted these principles from a study of 200,000 patents. This guy, Altshuller, says that the 10% most innovative patents would use one of these 40 strategies for their novel solutions. Altshuller then went on to construct a system to help engineers consider these elemental strategies for the problems they were working on. His system is called TRIZ, and it has a cult following among process engineers. I like to think of it as Oblique Strategies for engineers.

To employ the system you apply a principle (from the list) at random to the problem, no matter how unlikely, in the hope that this lateral mode of thinking will hatch a novel solution. The best inventors combine these heuristics intuitively, and many veteran engineers have their own set which they have developed over the years. But if you are just starting out as an architect, tinkerer, engineer, hacker, designer, and do-it-yourselfer, you may find this a good place to start. I did, and have already added to the 40 some additional heuristics that work for me.

You can find the entire text of the 40 Principles posted on the TRIZ website; the only advantage of the book are some crude drawings and handy reference format. However I did find the small additional illustrations and real world examples helpful in grokking the often cryptic rules.

-- KK  

TRIZ 40 Principles

40 Principles Extended Edition
Genrich Altshuller
2005, 144 pages
$55

Available from Amazon

Sample Excerpts: